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Effects of Foodborne Nanoparticles on a Synthetic Gut Microbiota /

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Effects of Foodborne Nanoparticles on a Synthetic Gut Microbiota // Jacob V Tanzman.
作者:	Tanzman, Jacob V.,
面頁冊數:	1 electronic resource (187 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-07, Section: B.
提要註:	The human gut is densely colonized with diverse microbiota which have profound impacts on human health and immunity. Study of the small intestine microbiota is complicated by lack of access and high degrees of variance between individuals. In this work, a novel small intestine microbial biofilm community was established to act as a synthetic microbial model. This mixed species biofilm was cultured and characterized using bacterial species representative of four of the six main genera present in the small intestinal microbiota: Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecalis, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Streptococcus salivarius. Once established, the in vitro synthetic microbiome model was used to examine the effects of metal oxide foodborne nanoparticles on microbial dysbiosis. These nanoparticles are commonly used as food additives and generally recognized as safe for consumption, however there is limited data examining how these nanoparticles may affect small intestine microbial communities. The average American diet contains 1012 - 1014 engineered nanoparticles daily. Physiologically-relevant dosages of six engineered nanoparticles (Aluminum oxide, iron oxide, magnesium dioxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide) commonly found in foodstuffs were used. Bacterial stress was also tracked by probing recA, a gene activated as a response to DNA damage and vital for induction of the bacterial SOS response. Silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and titanium oxide were found to reduce populations of the probiotic species L. rhamnosus and S. salivarius in the synthetic microbiota. Iron oxide and magnesium oxide increased the populations of E. faecalis and Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide exposures reduced the relative population of L. rhamnosus in the synthetic microbiota. Silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide reduced the relative abundance of S. salivarius. Exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles induced significant upregulation in recA, with silicon dioxide showing modest upregulation of the gene in E. faecalis and L. rhamnosus. Overall, findings from this work support the hypothesis that physiologically relevant dosages of foodborne metal oxide nanoparticles, particularly zinc oxide, can noticeably reduce the populations of probiotic species in the small intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, some dosages elicited detectable stress in gut bacterial species through the SOS response.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-07B.
標題:	Nanoscience. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31765661
ISBN:	9798302849717

Effects of Foodborne Nanoparticles on a Synthetic Gut Microbiota /
Tanzman, Jacob V.,

Effects of Foodborne Nanoparticles on a Synthetic Gut Microbiota /Jacob V Tanzman. - 1 electronic resource (187 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-07, Section: B.

The human gut is densely colonized with diverse microbiota which have profound impacts on human health and immunity. Study of the small intestine microbiota is complicated by lack of access and high degrees of variance between individuals. In this work, a novel small intestine microbial biofilm community was established to act as a synthetic microbial model. This mixed species biofilm was cultured and characterized using bacterial species representative of four of the six main genera present in the small intestinal microbiota: Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecalis, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Streptococcus salivarius. Once established, the in vitro synthetic microbiome model was used to examine the effects of metal oxide foodborne nanoparticles on microbial dysbiosis. These nanoparticles are commonly used as food additives and generally recognized as safe for consumption, however there is limited data examining how these nanoparticles may affect small intestine microbial communities. The average American diet contains 1012 - 1014 engineered nanoparticles daily. Physiologically-relevant dosages of six engineered nanoparticles (Aluminum oxide, iron oxide, magnesium dioxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide) commonly found in foodstuffs were used. Bacterial stress was also tracked by probing recA, a gene activated as a response to DNA damage and vital for induction of the bacterial SOS response. Silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and titanium oxide were found to reduce populations of the probiotic species L. rhamnosus and S. salivarius in the synthetic microbiota. Iron oxide and magnesium oxide increased the populations of E. faecalis and Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide exposures reduced the relative population of L. rhamnosus in the synthetic microbiota. Silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide reduced the relative abundance of S. salivarius. Exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles induced significant upregulation in recA, with silicon dioxide showing modest upregulation of the gene in E. faecalis and L. rhamnosus. Overall, findings from this work support the hypothesis that physiologically relevant dosages of foodborne metal oxide nanoparticles, particularly zinc oxide, can noticeably reduce the populations of probiotic species in the small intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, some dosages elicited detectable stress in gut bacterial species through the SOS response.

English

ISBN: 9798302849717Subjects--Topical Terms:

232829
Nanoscience.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Gastroenterology

Effects of Foodborne Nanoparticles on a Synthetic Gut Microbiota /
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